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数学部分新题解析

560. Enterprise Bank currently requires customers with checking accounts to maintain a minimum balance or pay a monthly fee. Enterprise plans to offer accounts with no monthly fee and no minimum-balance requirement; to cover their projected administrative costs of $3 per account per month they plan to charge $30 for overdrawing an account. Since each month on average slightly more than 10 percent of Enterprise's customers overdraw their accounts, bank officials predict the new accounts will generate a profit.

Which of the fllowing, if true, most strongly supports the bank officials' prediction?

A. Some of Enterprise Bank's current checking account customers are expected to switch to the new accounts once they are offered.

B. One third of Enterprise Bank's revenues are currently derived from monthly fees tied to checking accounts.

C. Many checking account customers who occasionally pay a fee for not maintaining a minimum balance in their account generally maintain a balance well above the minimum.

D. Customers whose checking accounts do not have a minimum-balance requirement are more likely than others to overdraw their checking accounts.

E. Customers whose checking accounts do not have a minimum-balance requirement are more likely than others to write checks for small amounts.

题目大意

E银行明确要求消费者保持支票账户的最低余额或者按月支付费用。银行计划提供不需要月费和最低余额要求的账户，他们计划为透支账户收取30刀，去覆盖他们计划的每个账户每月3刀的管理费。因为每个月平均有略微超过10%的客户会透支他们的账户，银行管理者预计新的账户会带来利润。

解题思路

问题问下面选项如果是真的，可以支持银行管理者的预测。也就是选项要说明这个新账户确实能挣钱。新的账户不用按月交3刀的管理费，也不用保持一定的余额，但是如果要透支账户，就要收30刀，如果每个月都有人透支账户，那么确实能赚钱。

A：一些银行的客户会按预期的转移到他们预定的新账户去。错，有人会用新账户，但不知道会不会透支，如果不透支就赚不到30刀。

B：银行三分之一的收入来源于账户的月费。错，与原文无关，这只能说明不再收月费就会损失收入。

C：很多偶尔为没有保持账户最低余额的支票账户客户，一般都保持自己账户的余额高于最低要求。错，这些人肯定不会去透支账户，银行也就赚不到30刀了。

D：账户没有余额要求的客户比别人更有可能去透支自己的账户。正确，这些用新账户的人更可能透支，银行就能赚到30刀了。

E：账户没有余额要求的客户比别人更可能去写小额支票。错，写小额支票说明他们花钱少，也就不太可能透支，银行赚不到钱。

答案：D

570. Farmer: Worldwide, just three grain crops—rice, wheat, and corn—account for most human caloric intake. To maintain this level of caloric intake and also keep pace with global population growth, yields per acre from each of these crops will have to increase at least 1.5 percent every year, given that the supply of cultivated land is diminishing. Therefore, the government should increase funding for research into new ways to improve yields.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the farmer’s argument depends?

A. It is solely the government’s responsibility to ensure that the amount of rice, wheat, and corn produced worldwide keeps pace with global population growth.

B. Increasing government funding for research into new ways to improve the yields per acre of rice, wheat, and corn crops would help to increase total worldwide annual production of food from these crops.

C. Increasing the yields per acre of rice, wheat, and corn is more important than increasing the yields per acre of other crops.

D. Current levels of funding for research into ways of improving grain crop yields per acre have enabled grain crop yields per acre to increase by more than 1.5 percent per year worldwide.

E. In coming decades, rice, wheat, and corn will become a minor part of human caloric intake, unless there is government-funded research to increase their yields per acre.

题目大意

农民：世界上只有三种粮食作物——水稻、小麦和玉米——引起人体的大部分热量摄入。为了保持这个热量摄入的水平同时跟上全球人口增长的步伐，鉴于耕地的供应在减少，这三种作物的亩产量将需要每年最少增长1.5%。因此，政府应该增加研究经费，以提高产量。

解题思路

假设题，问原文农民的说法基于哪个假设，因此选项是要让原文成立的必要条件。

原文的逻辑是人口增长，耕地减少，所以粮食的亩产量需要提高才能让大家有饭吃（保持热量摄入，跟上人口增长），到这里为止都没什么问题，最后说政府要增加研究经费，来提高产量，产量提高了真的能保证大家都有饭吃吗？原文没有给出确定的关系。

A：政府完全有责任去确保三种作物的产量能跟上全球人口增长的步伐。错，原文的重点是增加经费提高产量，不是政府，这种事也只有政府能做，相当于废话。

B：增加政府经费去提升产量能够有助于增加世界年度由这些作物生产的食品产量。正确，如果提升经费以后，产量确实增加了，但是粮食并没有用来制作食物，没有让食品产量上升，就不能保证大家都有饭吃。比如用玉米提炼乙醇，添加到汽油里，农作物并没有被用来吃。

C：提升水稻、小麦和玉米的产量比提升其他作物的产量更重要。错，原文说了只有这三种是人的热量来源，相当于已经说了比其他的重要。

D：目前的研究经费水平能够使粮食产量上升1.5%。错，没有说出粮食产量和食品产量的关系，如果上升了1.5%，但是并没有用作食用，还是不能保证大家有饭吃。

E：在未来几十年，除非政府资助的研究增加亩产量，否则这三种农作物将成为人类热量摄入的次要部分。错，与原文无关。

答案：B