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逻辑部分新题解析

数学部分新题解析

553. Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage. Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones. Accordingly, for most farmers the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer. However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the argument’s main conclusion.

B. The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that, according to the argument, contributes to bringing about that outcome.

C. The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that tends to weigh against that prediction.

D. The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.

E. The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument’s main conclusion.

和prep的一道题差距很小，只改变了黑体句的位置，但是两句话的关系还是一样，基本没变。

题目大意

第一个黑体句：植物学家在种子上采用基因技术，使得植物对虫害有高的抵抗性。

但是这种种子价格很高，而且需要更多的水和肥料才能长的和普通种子一样。

第二个黑体句：对大多数农民来说，从杀虫剂上省下来的钱，不足以弥补种子的高价格和更多的肥料的花费。

然而，消费者对没有使用杀虫剂的农作物的需求在增长，这种使用了基因技术的种子会大范围使用。

解题思路

出现了转折，文章前后的态度立场不一致。最后一句话是结论，说种子还是会大范围使用。第一个黑体句说种子抗虫害能力强，是优点，能支持结论，和结论立场一致。第二个黑体句说农民从杀虫剂上省下的钱不足以弥补种子的高价格和多用的肥料的花费。也就是说种子带来的经济效益并不是很好，是缺点，不能支持结论，立场相反。

A：第一句提供背景，第二句是结论。错，第二句不是结论。

B：第一句提出了发展，原文将会有一定的结果，第二句是一个事实，有助于得出这个结果。错，这个选项意味着两句话的立场是一致的，都为原文的结论服务。

C：第一句提出了发展，原文会有一定的结果，第二句得到了一个考虑，试图去反驳那个预测。正确，两句话立场不一致，第一句是优点，第二句是缺点，第二句可以反驳第一句。

D：第一句提供了证据去支持原文要保卫的预测，第二句就是那个预测。错，第二句不是原文要支持的，他的立场和最后结论相反。

E：两句都提供了证据支持原文的结论。错，第二句不能支持结论。

答案：C

554. Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Leptin, a protein occurring naturally in the blood, appears to regulate how much fat the body carries by speeding up the metabolism and decreasing the appetite when the body has too much fat. Mice that do not naturally produce leptin have more fat than other mice, but lose fat rapidly when they are given leptin injections. Unfortunately, however, leptin cannot be used as a dietary supplement to control fat, since .

A. the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream

B. there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism

C. people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat

D. the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice

E. mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections

题目大意

L物质是一种存在于血液中的蛋白质，可以调节身体中携带多少脂肪，通过加速新陈代谢和在体内脂肪过多时减少食欲。不能自然产生L的老鼠比其他的老鼠体内脂肪多，但是可以通过注射L来快速减少脂肪。但是L不能用来作为控制脂肪的膳食补充剂，因为

解题思路

要填写不能作为膳食补充剂的原因。原文说的很清楚，L确实是可以减少脂肪的，所以其效果是不用去质疑的。最后说不能作为膳食补充，和之前说的在老鼠身上的试验不同，进入身体的方式不同，老鼠的试验是注射，这里是食用，所以可能问题就出在了“食用”上面。

A：消化系统会在蛋白质进入血液前就分解他们。正确，L是一种蛋白质，如果作为膳食补充，就会先进入消化系统，这时会直接被分解，就无法再起到调节脂肪的作用，所以不能作为膳食补充剂。

B：有的药物已经可以通过加速新陈代谢来促进减肥。错，其他的药物与原文无关，而且再增加一个L物质，也能减肥又何妨呢？

C：体内L水平低得不正常的人，体内脂肪的比例会很高。错，这样的人就需要补充点L物质，无法解释为什么不能用L来减肥。

D：不能自然产生L的老鼠是特殊培育的种类。错，老鼠的种类是否特殊和原文无关。

E：注射L时，老鼠身体会自己产生L，也会减掉部分脂肪。错，这样就说明L可以用来减肥。

答案：A

557. More and more law firms specializing in corporate taxes are paid on a contingency-fee basis. Under this arrangement, if a case is won, the firm usually receives more than it would have received if it had been paid on the alternate hourly rate basis. If the case is lost, the firm receives nothing. Most firms are likely to make more under the contingency-fee arrangement.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the prediction above?

A. Firms that work exclusively under the hourly rate arrangement spend, on average, fewer hours on cases that are won than on cases that are lost.

B. Some litigation can last for years before any decision is reached, and, even then, the decision may be appealed.

C. Firms under the contingency-fee arrangement still pay their employees on an hourly basis.

D. Since the majority of firms specialize in certain kinds of cases, they are able to assess accurately their chances of winning each potential case.

E. Firms working under the contingency-fee arrangement take in fewer cases per year than do firms working under the hourly rate arrangement.

题目大意

越来越多专营公司税的律师事务所要支付风险代理费作为基础。在这个约定下，如果一个案子打赢了，律师事务所通常会得到多于计时付费的报酬。如果案子输了，律师事务所就什么也得不到。多数事务所都可能去做这样有风险代理约定的案子。

解题思路

问题是加强这样的预测，就是选项要说明事务所愿意做风险代理，说这样做的好处。

原文有一个比较，比较的是风险代理和计时收费的最后报酬不同，风险代理如果打赢了官司会得到更多的报酬，要注意选项中比较的对象。

A：事务所做计时收费的案子时，打赢案子花的时间比打输花的时间少。错，原文主要对比风险代理和计时收费之间的报酬差别，不是计时收费时赢或输花费的时间和得到的报酬，比较的对象错误。

B：有的诉讼会经过数年才做出判决，即使这样，判决也是可以上诉的。错，案件会经过多久的审理才得到结果与原文无关，法院多久才做判决和律师事务所无关。

C：事务所在做风险代理时，给他的雇员依然发计时工资。错，律师事务所怎么给雇员发工资与原文无关。

D：由于多数公司会专门从事某些特定类型的案件，所以他们可以准确的评估每个潜在案件中自己赢的机会。正确，能知道自己可以赢什么案子，那么做风险代理就能拿到报酬，这个报酬比计时收费多，谁会不愿意呢。

E：做风险代理每年接的案子比做计时收费少。错，比较的对象错，而且风险代理接的案子少于计时，就不能说明事务所愿意做风险代理了。